Story telling box

Teaching aids in school

Renzulli’s Enrichment Triad Model

Type 1 Enrichment Activities are designed to expose students to a wide variety of disciplines, topics, occupations, hobbies, persons, places, and events that would not be covered in a regular classroom. Type 1 experiences can involve the following:

• Contacting speakers
• Arranging demonstrations, trips, and/or performances
• using varied materials such as films, slides, videos, print and non-print media

Type 2 Enrichment Activities promote the development of thinking and feeling processes such as:

• Creative thinking, problem solving and critical thinking skills
• A wide variety of specific learning how-to-learn skills
• Skills in the use of advanced-level reference materials
• Written, oral, and visual communication
Type 3 Enrichment Activities involve pursuing “self-selected” areas (within guideline topics) for advanced content acquisition and process training in which students assume the role of first-hand inquirer. The goals of these type activities include the following:
• Providing opportunities to apply interests, knowledge, creative ideas, and task
• commitment to a selective problem
• Acquiring advanced-level understanding of knowledge (content) and methodology (process)
• Developing authentic products
• Developing self-directed learning skills in the areas of planning, organization, resource utilization, time management, decision-making, and self-evaluation
Developing task commitment, self-confidence, and feelings of creative accomplishment.

Bahan Bantu Mengajar bagi Ujian Diagnostik

Kumpulan kami telah menggunakan kedua-dua belah muka kad manila untuk membuat bahan bantu mengajar.

Muka depan kad manila adalah berkaitan dengan tajuk bentuk dan warna.



Mula-mula kami menyediakan outline bentuk rumah.



Lepas itu, kami menyediakan bentuk rumah yang terdiri daripada segi tiga, bulatan dan segi empat tepat.



kami akan menyuruh murid-murid untuk melekatkan bentuk mengikut warna yang ditunjukkan.
*bulatan=kuning
*segi tiga=biru
*segi empat tepat=ungu


Muka belakang kad manila ialah berkaitan dengan tajuk KVKV dan kami telah menggunakan kaedah pocket chart untuk menyediakannya.



~sebelum kad suku kata dimasukkan.



~pocket chart sudah siap

We will teach the students colour and shape. Before that, we will let them watch and sing the songs.

Ujian Diagnostik

Warnakan bentuk di bawah mengikut warna yang ditunjukkan



~ Ujian ini berkaitan dengan tajuk bentuk dan warna


Padankan gambar dengan perkataan dengan menggunakan garisan



~Ujian ini berkaitan dengan suku kata KVKV

Speech-Language Therapy

What Is Speech-Language Therapy?


Speech-language therapy is the treatment for most kids with speech and/or language disorders. A speech disorder refers to a problem with the actual production of sounds, whereas a language disorder refers to a difficulty understanding or putting words together to communicate ideas.
Speech Disorders and Language Disorders

Speech disorders include the following problems, according to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA):

* Articulation disorders include difficulties producing sounds in syllables or saying words incorrectly to the point that other people can't understand what's being said.

* Fluency disorders include problems such as stuttering, the condition in which the flow of speech is interrupted by abnormal stoppages, repetitions (st-st-stuttering), or prolonging sounds and syllables (ssssstuttering).

* Resonance or voice disorders include problems with the pitch, volume, or quality of the voice that distract listeners from what's being said. These types of disorders may also cause pain or discomfort for the child when speaking.

* Dysphagia/oral feeding disorders, including difficulties with eating and swallowing.

Language disorders can be either receptive or expressive:

* Receptive disorders refer to difficulties understanding or processing language.
* Expressive disorders include difficulty putting words together, limited vocabulary, or inability to use language in a socially appropriate way.


Specialists in Speech-Language Therapy

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs), often informally known as speech therapists, are professionals educated in the study of human communication, its development, and its disorders. They hold at least a master's degree and state certification/licensure in the field, as well as a certificate of clinical competency from ASHA.

By assessing the speech, language, cognitive-communication, and swallowing skills of children and adults, speech-language pathologists can identify types of communication problems and the best way to treat them.

SLPs treat problems in the areas of articulation; dysfluency; oral-motor, speech, and voice; and receptive and expressive language disorders.


Remediation

In speech-language therapy, an SLP will work with a child one-to-one, in a small group, or directly in a classroom to overcome difficulties involved with a specific disorder.

Therapists use a variety of strategies, including:

* language intervention activities. In these exercises an SLP will interact with a child by playing and talking. The therapist may use pictures, books, objects, or ongoing events to stimulate language development. The therapist may also model correct pronunciation and use repetition exercises to build speech and language skills.

* articulation therapy. Articulation, or sound production, exercises involve having the therapist model correct sounds and syllables for a child, often during play activities. The level of play is age-appropriate and related to the child's specific needs. The SLP will physically show the child how to make certain sounds, such as the "r" sound, and may demonstrate how to move the tongue to produce specific sounds.

* oral motor/feeding therapy. The SLP will use a variety of oral exercises, including facial massage and various tongue, lip, and jaw exercises, to strengthen the muscles of the mouth. The SLP may also work with different food textures and temperatures to increase a child's oral awareness during eating and swallowing.


When Is Therapy Needed?

Kids might need speech-language therapy for a variety of reasons, including:

* hearing impairments
* cognitive (intellectual; thinking) or other developmental delays
* weak oral muscles
* birth defects such as cleft lip or cleft palate
* autism
* motor planning problems
* respiratory problems (breathing disorders)
* swallowing disorders
* traumatic brain injury

Therapy should begin as soon as possible. Children enrolled in therapy early in their development (younger than 3 years) tend to have better outcomes than those who begin therapy later.

This does not mean that older kids can't make progress in therapy; they may progress at a slower rate because they often have learned patterns that need to be changed.


Finding a Therapist

It's important to make sure that the speech-language therapist is certified by ASHA. That certification means the SLP has at least a master's degree in the field, and has passed a national examination and successfully completed a supervised clinical fellowship.

Sometimes speech assistants (who have typically earned a 2-year associate's or 4-year bachelor's degree) may assist with speech-language services under the supervision of ASHA-certified SLPs. Your child's SLP should be licensed in your state, and have experience working with kids and your child's specific disorder.

You might find a specialist by asking your child's doctor or teacher for a referral or by checking your local telephone directory. The state associations for speech-language pathology and audiology also maintain listings of licensed and certified therapists.


http://kidshealth.org/parent/system/ill/speech_therapy.html#a_Helping_Your_Child

Flashcard

A flashcard or flash card is any of a set of cards bearing information, as words or numbers, on either or both sides, used in classroom drills or in private study. One writes a question on a card and an answer overleaf. Flashcards can bear vocabulary, historical dates, formulas or any subject matter that can be learned via a question and answer format. Flashcards are widely used as a learning drill to aid memorization by way of spaced repetition.